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Berkeley, George, 1685-1753

"A Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision"

Again, suppose I perceive by sight the faint and obscure idea of
something which I doubt whether it be a man, or a tree, or a tower, but
judge it to be at the distance of about a mile. It is plain I cannot mean
that what I see is a mile off, or that it is the image or likeness of
anything which is a mile off, since that every step I take towards it the
appearance alters, and from being obscure, small, and faint, grows clear,
large, and vigorous. And when I come to the mile's end, that which I saw
first is quite lost, neither do I find anything in the likeness of it.
45. In these and the like instances the truth of the matter stands thus:
having of a long time experienced certain ideas, perceivable by touch, as
distance, tangible figure, and solidity, to have been connected with
certain ideas of sight, I do upon perceiving these ideas of sight
forthwith conclude what tangible ideas are, by the wonted ordinary course
of Nature like to follow. Looking at an object I perceive a certain
visible figure and colour, with some degree of faintness and other
circumstances, which from what I have formerly observed, determine me to
think that if I advance forward so many paces or miles, I shall be
affected with such and such ideas of touch: so that in truth and
strictness of speech I neither see distance itself, nor anything that I
take to be at a distance.


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